Cyprus Green Toad (Bufotes cypriensis)
The Cyprus Green Toad, scientifically known as Bufotes cypriensis, is a remarkable amphibian native to the beautiful island of Cyprus. This toad stands out not only for its vibrant green color but also for its unique adaptation to the Mediterranean climate. Understanding the importance and uniqueness of Bufotes helps in appreciating the rich biodiversity of Cyprus and the need for its conservation.
The Habitat of Bufotes
Bufotes cypriensis is endemic to Cyprus, meaning it’s found nowhere else in the world. These toads thrive in various parts of the island, from coastal areas to mountainous regions. Their presence is a testament to the diverse ecological niches Cyprus offers.
These toads prefer semi-arid environments with access to both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They are often found near ponds, streams, and marshes where they can breed and lay eggs. The surrounding vegetation provides shelter and hunting grounds for adult toads.
Bufotes are incredibly adaptable. They can survive in both natural and human-altered landscapes. Urban gardens, agricultural fields, and even roadside ditches can become habitats for these resilient toads, showcasing their ability to thrive in diverse conditions.
Physical Characteristics
The Cyprus Green Toad is medium-sized, with adults typically ranging from 5 to 10 cm in length. Their robust bodies and short limbs are well-suited for both hopping and burrowing into the soil.
These toads are known for their striking green coloration, often accompanied by darker blotches or spots. This camouflage helps them blend into their surroundings, making it easier to avoid predators.
One distinctive feature of Bufotes cypriensis is their parotoid glands, located behind the eyes. These glands secrete a mild toxin that deters predators. Additionally, their eyes have horizontal pupils, a characteristic feature of many toad species.

Behavior and Lifestyle
Bufotes are primarily nocturnal, becoming active at dusk when they emerge to hunt and explore. During the day, they seek refuge in cool, moist areas to avoid the harsh sun and conserve water.
Their behavior varies with the seasons. In the hotter months, they remain mostly inactive, aestivating in burrows to escape the heat. In contrast, the cooler, wetter months see an increase in activity, particularly during the breeding season.
Bufotes interact with a variety of species within their ecosystem. They serve as both predator and prey, feeding on insects and small invertebrates while being hunted by birds, snakes, and mammals.
Diet and Feeding Habits
These toads are opportunistic feeders, employing a sit-and-wait strategy. They remain motionless and strike quickly when prey comes within reach, using their sticky tongues to capture insects.
Their diet mainly consists of ants, beetles, spiders, and other small invertebrates. This diet not only sustains them but also helps control the populations of these small creatures, balancing the ecosystem.
As both predator and prey, Bufotes play a crucial role in their ecosystem. They help control insect populations, which benefits agricultural areas by reducing pests. In turn, they provide food for larger animals, supporting the overall food web.
Importance of Bufotes to the Ecosystem
Bufotes are an integral part of the food chain, controlling insect populations and providing food for higher predators. Their presence indicates a healthy, functioning ecosystem.
By occupying various ecological niches, Bufotes contribute to the biodiversity of Cyprus. Their survival ensures the health and stability of multiple ecosystems.